Result : P0AE72

Protein Information

• Protein name: Antitoxin MazE
• NCBI Accession ID: D16450.1
• Organism: Escherichia coli (strain K12)
• Left: 87
• Right: 335
• Strand: +
• Nucleotide Sequence: ATGATCCACAGTAGCGTAAAGCGTTGGGGAAATTCACCGGCGGTGCGGATCCCGGCTACGTTAATGCAGGCGCTCAATCTGAATATTGATGATGAAGTGAAGATTGACCTGGTGGATGGCAAATTAATTATTGAGCCAGTGCGTAAAGAGCCCGTATTTACGCTTGCTGAACTGGTCAACGACATCACGCCGGAAAACCTCCACGAGAATATCGACTGGGGAGAGCCGAAAGATAAGGAAGTCTGGTAA
• Sequence: MIHSSVKRWGNSPAVRIPATLMQALNLNIDDEVKIDLVDGKLIIEPVRKEPVFTLAELVNDITPENLHENIDWGEPKDKEVW
• Source of smORF: Swiss-Prot
• Function: Antitoxin component of a type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) system. Labile antitoxin that binds to the MazF endoribonuclease toxin and neutralizes its endoribonuclease activity. Is considered to be an 'addiction' molecule as the cell dies in its absence. Toxicity results when the levels of MazE decrease in the cell, leading to mRNA degradation. This effect can be rescued by expression of MazE, but after 6 hours in rich medium the overexpression of MazF leads to programmed cell death. Cell growth and viability are not affected when MazF and MazE are coexpressed. Both MazE and MazE-MazF bind to the promoter region of the mazE-mazF operon to inhibit their own transcription (Pubmed:8650219). There are 3 operators to which MazE binds (Pubmed:12533537). MazE has higher affinity for promoter DNA in the presence of MazF (Pubmed:25564525). {ECO:0000269|Pubmed:11071896, ECO:0000269|Pubmed:12123459, ECO:0000269|Pubmed:12533537, ECO:0000269|Pubmed:19707553, ECO:0000269|Pubmed:21419338, ECO:0000269|Pubmed:25564525, ECO:0000269|Pubmed:8650219}.; Cell death governed by the MazE-MazF and DinJ-YafQ TA systems seems to play a role in biofilm formation, while MazE-MazF is also implicated in cell death in liquid media. {ECO:0000269|Pubmed:15576778, ECO:0000269|Pubmed:19707553}.; Might also serve to protect cells against bacteriophage; in the presence of MazE-MazF fewer P1 phage are produced than in a disrupted strain. For strain K38 most wild-type cells are killed but not by phage lysis; it was suggested that MazE-MazF causes P1 phage exclusion from the bacterial population. This phenomenon is strain dependent. {ECO:0000269|Pubmed:15316771}.
• Pubmed ID: 2844820 8226627 9278503 16738553 8650219 11071896 12123459 12533537 12972253 15576778 15316771 16390452 20005847 19707553 21419338 23432955 24375411 19215780 12743116 12718874 25564525
• Domain: CDD:412624
• Functional Category: Antitoxin_type_2_and_DNA-binding
• Uniprot ID: P0AE72
• ORF Length (Amino Acid): 82

Conservation Analysis

No. of Species: 9

Sr.No.	Left Position	Right Position	Strand	NCBI Accession id	Species Name
1	840801	841049	+	NZ_CP061527.1	Shigella dysenteriae
2	2911091	2911339	-	NC_000913.3	Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655
3	3633617	3633865	-	NC_002695.2	Escherichia coli O157:H7 str. Sakai
4	1722518	1722766	-	NZ_CP034148.1	Pantoea agglomerans
5	2334589	2334837	+	NZ_CP038853.1	Pantoea vagans
6	1425770	1425970	-	NZ_CP055305.1	Mannheimia pernigra
7	2971796	2972038	-	NC_014006.1	Sphingobium japonicum UT26S
8	1621682	1621924	-	NZ_AP018738.1	Ferriphaselus amnicola
9	3259575	3259811	-	NZ_CP035704.1	Pseudolysobacter antarcticus
10	99288	99518	+	NZ_CP021106.3	Nitrosospira lacus

Neighborhood Conservation Analysis

^* Arrows marked in Genome Diagram shows ORFs; Multiple PFAMs can be mapped to a single ORF.
^* 'Small ORF' represents the entry/query analyzed.
^* Image generated using 'gggenes'(R-Package).

Neighborhood Representative Chosen(Species): NZ_CP061527.1

Sr.No.	Domain	Co-occurrence Frequency	No. of species in which domain occurs with smORF	Median distance b/w smORF and domain bearing ORFs	Orientation relative to smORF	PFAM Information
1	PF02452.19	0.89	8	0	same-strand	PemK-like, MazF-like toxin of type II toxin-antitoxin system